Find's Treasure Forums

Welcome to Find's Treasure Forums, Guests!

You are viewing this forums as a guest which limits you to read only status.

Only registered members may post stories, questions, classifieds, reply to other posts, contact other members using built in messaging and use many other features found on these forums.

Why not register and join us today? It's free! (We don't share your email addresses with anyone.) We keep email addresses of our users to protect them and others from bad people posting things they shouldn't.

Click here to register!



Need Support Help?

Cannot log in?, click here to have new password emailed to you

Mixed pulse and offtime durations

A

Anonymous

Guest
Ref: US 5,537,041 Candy
The schemes described below do not infringe the above cited patent because the claims of the above patent exclude pulse induction. If anyone knows of any patents which the following schemes might infringe, please post the information. Thank you.
VARIABLE DURATION TRANSMIT PULSES
It is customary to use pulses which are all identical-- one transmit-receive cycle is the same as the next. The Minelab SD's use different length pulses, apparently as an aid to getting rid of maghemite.
The basic idea is that the receiver response curve will vary, depending on the duration of the transmit pulse. This provides somewhat the same information as can be obtained by demodulating fixed-duration pulse responses at several different delays, but the effects are slightly different, esp. when comparing maghemite to metallic targets. Of course one can have transmit pulses of two or more lengths, and also demodulate different delays.
VARIABLE OFF-TIME
Varying off-time also produces changes in receiver response, if everything else is kept the same.
In general, it is the practice to sample earth field just before the beginning of a transmit pulse, and subtract it from the earlier target detection pulse. The difference between these two samples increases on high-conductivity and ferrous targets, as the off-time is increased. However, beyond a certain point, sensitivity is usually not improved because increasing the delay means that fewer samples per second can be low pass filtered and turned into an audible target response.
If it were not necessary to subtract the end of the "tail" in order to cancel earth field, then crowding pulses closer together would improve, not decrease, sensitivity to high conductivity targets because the tail of one pulse/sampling interval can leak into the next one, adding to it. (This is not true for bipolar pulse systems, which were are ignoring here.)
I propose the following scheme.
1. Of successive off-times, have at least one out of two be short ones. Sample target signals for detection and discrimination. Pretend that earth field doesn't exist.
2. Of successive off-times have, have one out of two, or less, be of long duration. Near the end of the off-time take a sample of a duration sufficient to earth field balance the (presumably more plentiful) target signal samples.
The advantage of this scheme is that the benefit of long off-time (less impairment of sensitivity to high-conductivity targets) is combined with the benefit of frequent target signal sampling and current overlap from one flyback to the next (improved sensitivity).
--Dave J.
 
refs: posts "Mixed pulse and offtime durations" and "JSPI: using transmitter as discriminator".
It is customary in PI machines to transmit a pulse train in which the current waveform is an exponential decay, the time-constant of which is constant. Some systems use variable pulse width (duration) but to my knowledge they do not transmit pulses of fundamentally different shape.
In posts over the last several weeks, people have proposed a number of waveforms, along with means to generate those waveforms, citing certain advantages and disadvantages in each. In addition to the pile already on the table, I propose changing coil circuit time-constants by switching in or out a resistor. It is possible to transmit a pulse sequence which comprises pulses not only of different duration, but of fundamentally different waveform.
Multiple drive voltages could also be used. Apparently something like this is used in one or more of Minelab's most recent products. I have not investigated its patent status, and invite post by anyone who has.
By transmitting a pulse sequence which comprises several different pulse types, each optimized for a particular type of target or ground condition, or optimized to enhance differences between particular types of targets or ground conditions, operational improvement may be achieved which may be superior to that which could be accomplished using simpler methods.
Although in the context of PI we usually think of receiving signals from targets after flyback, it is also possible to use an induction balance loop to receive signals during the transmit-flyback time, and demodulate those signals either in the time domain and/or in the frequency domain. Eric Foster's post of 14 Jan 02 shows waveforms which could be demodulated in the time domain for the purpose of discrimination.
--Dave J.
 
Hi DJ,
If I am reading this correctly, you may well have broken Candy's patent! Think about this, The Minelab patent claims an alternate long and a short pulse. What about a fixed length waveform which can have different alternate shapes? Dave. * * *
 
DJ, The basic minelab PI patent is based upon using two different TX pulse lengths. The lengths have a 4:1 ratio.
The idea is that ferrite etc decays at a rate dependent on the TX pulse width. What I am saying is that the two different length pulses as claimed by Minelab could be replaced by two different complex waveforms of the same length. This would break their patent!!! Dave. * * *
 
If you're referring to Candy 5,537,041, it isn't a pulse induction patent. The claims explicitly deny that the coil is switched to zero voltage.
The title, however....... as we were saying before.... the latitude allowed lawyers.....
Were you referring to a different patent?
--Dave J.
 
Top